Toxicology is a scientific discipline that investigates the adverse effects of substances on living organisms. Toxicologists study the mechanisms by which toxins interact with biological systems, causing harm or disease. They analyze various factors such as dose, exposure route, and individual susceptibility to assess the toxicity of different substances. Toxicology research is essential for understanding the risks associated with exposure to pollutants, drugs, and other chemicals in the environment, enabling the development of effective prevention, treatment, and regulatory measures to protect public health.